{"id":198,"date":"2022-11-17T16:07:32","date_gmt":"2022-11-17T09:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sgp2-iren.huaf.edu.vn\/?p=198"},"modified":"2026-01-03T11:10:39","modified_gmt":"2026-01-03T04:10:39","slug":"participatory-small-grants-action-plan-psgap-of-chu-mom-ray-ahp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/?p=198&lang=vi","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng Thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG THANH LONG RU\u1ed8T \u0110\u1ece<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Hylocereus undatus\u00a0<\/em>(Haw) Britt & Rose)<\/em><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

* T\u00ean:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Thanh long thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd X\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng (Cataceae), c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung v\u00e0 Nam M\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3nh, l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c. C\u00e2y Thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf cho qu\u1ea3 v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh v\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 ho\u1eb7c m\u00f9a thu, tuy nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng thanh long cho qu\u1ea3 quanh n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

* \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Thanh long l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y th\u00e2n leo tr\u01b0\u1eddn d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 10m, b\u00e1m v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng r\u1ec5 ph\u1ee5. Th\u00e2n m\u00e0u l\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 3 c\u1ea1nh d\u1eb9p kh\u00eda tai b\u00e8o, th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a s\u1eebng \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u00e9p, gai \u00edt v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

* \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh th\u00e1i:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0Thanh long thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m c\u00e2y \u01b0a s\u00e1ng, r\u1ec5 b\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0103n c\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng thanh long ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a, l\u0169. C\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb che \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi qu\u00e1 30% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng; N\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00e8n, nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n

2. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m. N\u00ean tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a m\u01b0a (th\u00e1ng 3-4 d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 khi m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 t\u1edbi c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

* Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng: 1100 tr\u1ee5\/ha.<\/p>\n

– Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng: 3m x 3m<\/p>\n

*\u00a0Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

– N\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

– K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f4: Cao 10 -15cm, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 60-0,80cm.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ed3ng thanh long l\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai 15-20 kg. \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng thanh long 1-2 tu\u1ea7n. D\u00f9ng Benomyl (n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,1%) t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0o m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba n\u1ea5m b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e2y tr\u1ee5<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ee5 xi m\u0103ng: d\u00e0i 2,0 c\u1ea1nh vu\u00f4ng 12-15cm.<\/p>\n

– Tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n s\u00e2u 0,5- 0,6m\u00a0\u00a0v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m m\u00f4 (\u1ee5).<\/p>\n

* L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2y con gi\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Hom d\u00e0i 30-40cm, ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh to, kho\u1ebb, th\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, tu\u1ed5i c\u00e0nh\u00a0>\u00a06 th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e1y hom (d\u00e0i 3-5cm) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n th\u1ecbt b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n l\u00f5i, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh th\u1ed1i hom gi\u1ed1ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00fang v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb n\u1ea5m nh\u01b0 Benlate C, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 0,1% trong 5 ph\u00fat.<\/p>\n

– Hom c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1ed3ng trong v\u00f9ng che b\u1edbt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi khi c\u00e0nh ra r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng th\u1eb3ng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n

* C\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u1eb7t ph\u1ea7n l\u00f5i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n thanh long \u00f4m s\u00e1t v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y nylon c\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5, m\u1ed7i tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7t 4 hom.<\/p>\n

* T\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em><\/strong>: Hom sau khi \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean 2 l\u1ea7n \/ng\u00e0y (kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd g\u00e2y th\u1ed1i g\u1ed1c), khi c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tu\u1ef3 theo th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u00e1 \u1ea9m, ch\u00fa \u00fd tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u01b0a l\u0169<\/p>\n

*<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0B\u00f3n ph\u00e2n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Khi c\u00e2y c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf (d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 th\u00e1ng) sau khi tr\u1ed3ng 2 tu\u1ea7n (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ec5 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Urea + DAP ho\u1eb7c NPK 16-16-8 hay 20-20-15 t\u01b0\u1edbi, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 20-30g\/tr\u1ee5, 10 ng\u00e0y\/l\u1ea7n<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1: \u00a0C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng hoai ho\u1eb7c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 20-50kg\/tr\u1ee5\/n\u0103m (l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u0103ng theo tu\u1ed5i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111\u1ea5t), chia l\u00e0m 2 l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n. L\u1ea7n 1 v\u00e0o l\u00fac c\u00e2y chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ra hoa r\u1ed9 (th\u00e1ng 2-3dl), l\u1ea7n 2 th\u00e1ng 9-10dl, sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cho tr\u00e1i r\u1ed9, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh c\u00e0nh m\u1edbi v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nu\u00f4i tr\u00e1i v\u1ee5 ngh\u1ecbch. C\u00e1ch b\u00f3n: x\u1edbi nh\u1eb9 xung quanh g\u1ed1c, c\u00e1ch g\u1ed1c 15-30cm, cho ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eafp t\u00e1n v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng r\u01a1m r\u1ea1, c\u1ecf t\u1ee7 g\u1ed1c<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n NPK 20-20-15 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n ph\u00e2n Urea, DAP, KCl, t\u00f9y theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho ra hoa v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n v\u00e0 kali cao, k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00e2y ra c\u00e0nh m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1m cao.<\/p>\n

* T\u1ec9a c\u00e0nh, t\u1ea1o t\u00e1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 1 c\u00e0nh, trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh s\u00e1t v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ec5 kh\u00ed sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0nh b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5 gi\u00fap c\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u00e3y khi g\u1eb7p m\u01b0a, gi\u00f3\u2026.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u1ee5, c\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a sao cho t\u1ea1o t\u00e1n tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u quanh tr\u1ee5. C\u00e1c c\u00e0nh m\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u1ee5\u00a0\u00a0s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec9a theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh m\u1eb9, 2 c\u00e0nh con. Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh to kho\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh tai chu\u1ed9t, c\u00e0nh s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e0nh n\u1eb1m khu\u1ea5t trong t\u00e1n, c\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 cho qu\u1ea3 2-3 n\u0103m<\/p>\n

3. Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u, b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p>\n

* C\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

– Ki\u1ebfn:<\/em>\u00a0Thanh long d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn ri\u1ec7n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. Phun (r\u00e3i) xung quanh g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y v\u00e0 ngay v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m b\u00e3 d\u1eabn d\u1ee5<\/p>\n

\u00a0– Ru\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee5c tr\u00e1i:<\/em>\u00a0C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eef d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3 m\u1ed3i (SOFRI protein) ho\u1eb7c bao tr\u00e1i sau khi th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n 7-10 ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n

* B\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

+Th\u1ed1i c\u00e0nh, n\u00e1m c\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b \u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 Benlat C, Coc 85, Ridomyl,\u2026<\/p>\n

+Th\u00e1n th\u01b0: xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecb: Phun c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c Ridomyl, Antracol,\u00a0\u2026 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3: hoa sau khi n\u1edf 3-5 ng\u00e0y c\u1ea7n t\u1ec9a b\u1ecf nhu\u1ef5 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e9o r\u0169 \u1edf \u0111\u1ec9nh qu\u1ea3, phun thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 bao qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng bao v\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

4. Thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tu\u1ef3 theo th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb 29 \u0111\u1ebfn 31 ng\u00e0y sau khi hoa n\u1edf. Khi thu ho\u1ea1ch, d\u00f9ng k\u00e9o c\u1eaft b\u1ea5m v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, tr\u00e1nh d\u1eadp n\u00e1t g\u00e2y h\u1ecfng qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT TR\u1ed2NG THANH LONG RU\u1ed8T \u0110\u1ece (Hylocereus undatus\u00a0(Haw) Britt & Rose) 1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng * T\u00ean:\u00a0Thanh long thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd X\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3ng (Cataceae), c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung v\u00e0 Nam M\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3nh, l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c. C\u00e2y Thanh long ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecf […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-198","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ky-thuat-trong-cay-va-cham-soc-cay-an-qua"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=198"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1011,"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198\/revisions\/1011"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ifs.edu.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}